QOJ.ac

QOJ

Time Limit: 2 s Memory Limit: 256 MB Total points: 100

#20831. Fertilizing Pastures

Statistics

There are $N$ pastures ($2 \le N \le 2\cdot 10^5$), connected by $N-1$ roads, such that they form a tree. Every road takes 1 second to cross. Each pasture starts out with 0 grass, and the $i$th pasture's grass grows at a rate of $a_i$ ($1\le a_i\le 10^8$) units per second. Farmer John is in pasture 1 at the start, and needs to drive around and fertilize the grass in every pasture. If he visits a pasture with $x$ units of grass, it will need $x$ amount of fertilizer. A pasture only needs to be fertilized the first time it is visited, and fertilizing a pasture takes 0 time.

The input contains an additional parameter $T\in \{0,1\}$.

  • If $T=0$, Farmer John must end at pasture 1.
  • If $T=1$, Farmer John may end at any pasture.

Compute the minimum amount of time it will take to fertilize every pasture and the minimum amount of fertilizer needed to finish in that amount of time.

Input

The first line contains $N$ and $T$.

Then for each $i$ from $2$ to $N$, there is a line containing $p_i$ and $a_i$, meaning that there is a road connecting pastures $p_i$ and $i$. It is guaranteed that $1\le p_i<i$.

Output

The minimum amount of time and the minimum amount of fertilizer, separated by spaces.

Examples

Input 1

5 0
1 1
1 2
3 1
3 4

Output 1

8 21

The optimal route for Farmer John is as follows:

  • At time $1$, move to node $3$, which now has $1 \cdot 2 = 2$ grass and so needs $2$ fertilizer.
  • At time $2$, move to node $5$, which now has $2 \cdot 4 = 8$ grass and so needs $8$ fertilizer.
  • At time $3$, move back to node $3$, which we already fertilized and so don't need to fertilize again.
  • At time $4$, move to node $4$, which now has $4 \cdot 1 = 4$ grass and so needs $4$ fertilizer.
  • At time $5$, move back to node $3$, which we already fertilized.
  • At time $6$, move back to node $1$.
  • At time $7$, move to node $2$, which now has $7 \cdot 1 = 7$ grass and so needs $7$ fertilizer.
  • At time $8$, return to node $1$.

This route takes $8$ time and uses $2 + 8 + 4 + 7 = 21$ fertilizer. It can be shown that $8$ is the least possible amount of time for any route that returns to node $1$ at the end and $21$ is the least possible fertilizer used for any route that returns to node $1$ and takes $8$ time.

Input 2

5 1
1 1
1 2
3 1
3 4

Output 2

6 29

The optimal route for Farmer John is as follows:

  • At time $1$, move to node $2$, which now has $1 \cdot 1 = 1$ grass and so needs $1$ fertilizer.
  • At time $2$, move back to node $1$.
  • At time $3$, move to node $3$, which now has $3 \cdot 2 = 6$ grass and so needs $6$ fertilizer.
  • At time $4$, move to node $5$, which now has $4 \cdot 4 = 16$ grass and so needs $16$ fertilizer.
  • At time $5$, move back to node $3$, which we already fertilized and so don't need to fertilize again.
  • At time $6$, move to node $4$, which now has $6 \cdot 1 = 6$ grass and so needs $6$ fertilizer.

This route takes $6$ time and uses $1 + 6 + 16 + 6 = 29$ fertilizer. It can be shown that $6$ is the least possible amount of time for any route and $29$ is the least possible fertilizer used for any route that takes $6$ time.

Scoring

  • Inputs 3-10: $T=0$
  • Inputs 11-22: $T=1$
  • Inputs 3-6 and 11-14: No pasture is adjacent to more than three roads.

Problem credits: Rohin Garg

Discussions

About Discussions

The discussion section is only for posting: General Discussions (problem-solving strategies, alternative approaches), and Off-topic conversations.

This is NOT for reporting issues! If you want to report bugs or errors, please use the Issues section below.

Open Discussions 0
No discussions in this category.

Issues

About Issues

If you find any issues with the problem (statement, scoring, time/memory limits, test cases, etc.), you may submit an issue here. A problem moderator will review your issue.

Guidelines:

  1. This is not a place to publish discussions, editorials, or requests to debug your code. Issues are only visible to you and problem moderators.
  2. Do not submit duplicated issues.
  3. Issues must be filed in English or Chinese only.
Active Issues 0
No issues in this category.
Closed/Resolved Issues 0
No issues in this category.